Rust, Zero to Hello World
Fast and inexpensive to learn, but beware the dependencies
2023/02
Rust with Actix
I installed Rust using https://rustup.rs/ and created a project with Cargo using The Rust Programming Language.
$ cargo --version
-> cargo 1.67.1 (8ecd4f20a 2023-01-10)
$ cargo new rust-test
$ cd rust-test
Then perused the Actix crate docs and https://actix.rs/.
# actix-web, not actix
$ cargo add actix-web
Project Tree
├── Cargo.lock
├── Cargo.toml
├── src
│ └── main.rs
I replaced main.rs with the Hello World! example at https://actix.rs/.
// main.rs
use actix_web::{get, web, App, HttpServer, Responder};
#[get("/")]
async fn index() -> impl Responder {
"Hello, World!"
}
#[get("/{name}")]
async fn hello(name: web::Path<String>) -> impl Responder {
format!("Hello {}!", &name)
}
#[actix_web::main]
async fn main() -> std::io::Result<()> {
HttpServer::new(|| App::new().service(index).service(hello))
.bind(("127.0.0.1", 8080))?
.run()
.await
}
$ cargo build
$ cargo run
$ curl localhost:8080
-> Hello, World!
Executable size
rust-test - debug - 104MB
rust-test - release - 9.3MB
From start to finish, including these notes, was about 20 minutes. I accidentally added actix instead of actix-web, which slowed me down a little. My main concern with Rust is that if feels like Node.js and npm. It’s super easy to type cargo add actix-web and go, but then it added so many dependencies. The Cargo.lock file is 1176 lines long.
Here is the output from the build command that shows the dependencies.
# debug mode
$ cargo build
->Downloaded actix-codec v0.5.0
Downloaded http v0.2.9
Downloaded semver v1.0.16
Downloaded convert_case v0.4.0
Downloaded local-waker v0.1.3
Downloaded unicode-bidi v0.3.10
Downloaded base64 v0.21.0
Downloaded ahash v0.7.6
Downloaded alloc-no-stdlib v2.0.4
Downloaded zstd v0.12.3+zstd.1.5.2
Downloaded zstd-safe v6.0.4+zstd.1.5.4
Downloaded actix-server v2.2.0
Downloaded actix-router v0.5.1
Downloaded time-macros v0.2.7
Downloaded actix-http v3.3.0
Downloaded alloc-stdlib v0.2.2
Downloaded actix-web-codegen v4.1.0
Downloaded actix-web v4.3.0
Downloaded paste v1.0.11
Downloaded rustc_version v0.4.0
Downloaded regex v1.7.1
Downloaded cookie v0.16.2
Downloaded encoding_rs v0.8.32
Downloaded zstd-sys v2.0.7+zstd.1.5.4
Downloaded brotli v3.3.4
Downloaded brotli-decompressor v2.3.4
Downloaded derive_more v0.99.17
Downloaded actix-utils v3.0.1
Downloaded actix-service v2.0.2
Downloaded actix-macros v0.2.3
Downloaded tinyvec_macros v0.1.1
Downloaded time v0.3.19
Downloaded serde_json v1.0.93
Downloaded language-tags v0.3.2
Downloaded local-channel v0.1.3
Downloaded bytestring v1.2.0
Downloaded jobserver v0.1.25
Downloaded 37 crates (5.3 MB) in 0.44s (largest was `encoding_rs` at 1.4 MB)
Compiling libc v0.2.139
Compiling cfg-if v1.0.0
Compiling autocfg v1.1.0
Compiling pin-project-lite v0.2.9
Compiling log v0.4.17
Compiling version_check v0.9.4
Compiling memchr v2.5.0
Compiling bytes v1.4.0
Compiling futures-core v0.3.26
Compiling itoa v1.0.5
Compiling parking_lot_core v0.9.7
Compiling scopeguard v1.1.0
Compiling smallvec v1.10.0
Compiling once_cell v1.17.1
Compiling typenum v1.16.0
Compiling proc-macro2 v1.0.51
Compiling serde v1.0.152
Compiling pkg-config v0.3.26
Compiling unicode-ident v1.0.6
Compiling quote v1.0.23
Compiling tracing-core v0.1.30
Compiling futures-task v0.3.26
Compiling futures-util v0.3.26
Compiling fnv v1.0.7
Compiling syn v1.0.107
Compiling http v0.2.9
Compiling pin-utils v0.1.0
Compiling percent-encoding v2.2.0
Compiling generic-array v0.14.6
Compiling lock_api v0.4.9
Compiling tokio v1.25.0
Compiling tracing v0.1.37
Compiling futures-sink v0.3.26
Compiling paste v1.0.11
Compiling indexmap v1.9.2
Compiling aho-corasick v0.7.20
Compiling slab v0.4.7
Compiling bytestring v1.2.0
Compiling jobserver v0.1.25
Compiling signal-hook-registry v1.4.1
Compiling mio v0.8.6
Compiling socket2 v0.4.7
Compiling getrandom v0.2.8
Compiling crc32fast v1.3.2
Compiling tinyvec_macros v0.1.1
Compiling parking_lot v0.12.1
Compiling cc v1.0.79
Compiling zstd-safe v6.0.4+zstd.1.5.4
Compiling local-waker v0.1.3
Compiling regex-syntax v0.6.28
Compiling alloc-no-stdlib v2.0.4
Compiling rand_core v0.6.4
Compiling tinyvec v1.6.0
Compiling ahash v0.7.6
Compiling alloc-stdlib v0.2.2
Compiling hashbrown v0.12.3
Compiling block-buffer v0.10.3
Compiling crypto-common v0.1.6
Compiling time-core v0.1.0
Compiling adler v1.0.2
Compiling httparse v1.8.0
Compiling ppv-lite86 v0.2.17
Compiling digest v0.10.6
Compiling miniz_oxide v0.6.2
Compiling time-macros v0.2.7
Compiling brotli-decompressor v2.3.4
Compiling rand_chacha v0.3.1
Compiling unicode-normalization v0.1.22
Compiling actix-service v2.0.2
Compiling actix-utils v3.0.1
Compiling form_urlencoded v1.1.0
Compiling cookie v0.16.2
Compiling unicode-bidi v0.3.10
Compiling bitflags v1.3.2
Compiling cpufeatures v0.2.5
Compiling serde_json v1.0.93
Compiling convert_case v0.4.0
Compiling ryu v1.0.12
Compiling sha1 v0.10.5
Compiling flate2 v1.0.25
Compiling zstd-sys v2.0.7+zstd.1.5.4
Compiling rand v0.8.5
Compiling idna v0.3.0
Compiling local-channel v0.1.3
Compiling regex v1.7.1
Compiling brotli v3.3.4
Compiling num_cpus v1.15.0
Compiling encoding_rs v0.8.32
Compiling base64 v0.21.0
Compiling language-tags v0.3.2
Compiling httpdate v1.0.2
Compiling mime v0.3.16
Compiling url v2.3.1
Compiling serde_urlencoded v0.7.1
Compiling actix-router v0.5.1
Compiling time v0.3.19
Compiling tokio-util v0.7.7
Compiling actix-rt v2.8.0
Compiling actix-server v2.2.0
Compiling h2 v0.3.15
Compiling actix-codec v0.5.0
Compiling derive_more v0.99.17
Compiling actix-macros v0.2.3
Compiling actix-web-codegen v4.1.0
Compiling zstd v0.12.3+zstd.1.5.2
Compiling actix-http v3.3.0
Compiling actix-web v4.3.0
Compiling rust-test v0.1.0
Finished dev [unoptimized + debuginfo] target(s) in 13.25s